Introduction

High School Science

Tutoring Services

Course Overview

Science is the study of our natural world. Science not only investigates our world, but also develops critical thinking, which helps foster valuable life skills, problem solving, and communication aptitude. After middle school, high school science continues to encourage an attitude of investigative and critical inquiry into various aspects of our world. High school science moves more into the applicability of science in technology, engineering, and math. Science literacy is paramount at this level, helping students identify trends in evidence-based science while identifying science claims not based on evidence.

Tutoring Program

9th Grade - Biology

Biology furthers student knowledge of biological systems and humanity’s role in it. Students will receive a more advanced focus on the nature of living systems and recognize biological trends. Students will continue to build and develop vital critical thinking and analytical skills. Students will be challenged to accumulate evidence for ideas and to draw conclusions based on patterns in nature and through experimentation. General topics will include genetics, evolution, and taxonomy.

Our tutoring equips 9th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and analyze data to solve real-world problems.
  • The ability to develop scientific experiments and draw logical conclusions.
  • An understanding of how and why particular tools are used to gather data.
  • The ability to classify and organize living systems.
  • An understanding of how living systems maintain homeostasis.
  • An understanding of the different reproductive capabilities between species.
  • The ability to explain the ecosystems of various organisms.
  • The ability to understand how organisms adapt to various ecological conditions.
  • An understanding of genetics.
  • The ability to reflect on humanity’s role in impacting biological systems.
  • An understanding of a cell’s structure and function.
  • An understanding of the evolution of life.
  • An understanding of the role and function of DNA, RNA, and proteins in cells.
  • The ability to differentiate between plant, animal, fungi, protists, bacteria, and viruses.
9th-12th Grade - Earth Science

Earth Science introduces students to the study of our constantly changing planet. Modern concepts and approaches to the nature of science and matter are introduced, building upon prior knowledge of the earth’s physical properties. Earth Science will assist the student in continuing to further critical thinking and analytical skills. General topics will include Earth processes and the physical laws governing them.

Our tutoring equips 9th-12th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and analyze data to solve real-world problems.
  • The ability to develop scientific experiments and draw logical conclusions.
  • An understanding of how and why particular tools are used to gather data.
  • The ability to identify patterns in the organization and distribution of matter in the universe.
  • An understanding of the physical forces that determine matter and energy.
  • Analyze how specific geologic processes explain the history and origin of a region.
  • An understanding of mineral deposition.
  • An understanding of rock formation and break down.
  • The ability to differentiate between physical and chemical properties of matter.
  • The ability to explain the process of fossilization and mineral replacement.
  • An understanding of geologic time.
  • The ability to explain four fundamental forces (gravitational, electromagnetic, weak nuclear, strong nuclear).
  • An ability to understand and explain electromagnetism.
  • An understanding of the leading scientific theories on the origins of life.
  • Knowledge of how land masses are created and destroyed.
9th-12th Grade - Environmental Science

Environmental science introduces students to the delicate balance between natural and unnatural processes and their impact on our environment. Students integrate previously learned sciences in physical, biological, and chemical studies to help in seeking better ways to preserve life on the planet.

Our tutoring equips 9-12th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and analyze data to solve real-world problems.
  • The ability to develop scientific experiments and draw logical conclusions.
  • An understanding of how and why particular tools are used to gather data.
  • The ability to identify, analyze, and understand the internal and external conditions that contribute to global climate change.
  • An understanding of how the atmosphere and oceans impact global climate change.
  • An understanding of the processes that have led to mass extinction and how to mitigate it.
  • The ability to distinguish between climate and weather.
  • The ability to reflect on and determine the impact of fossil fuels on the environment and alternative fuel sources.
  • An understanding of the methods to research and determine the effects of food shortages and agricultural farming around the globe.
  • The ability to identify trends in energy production and their impact on ecosystems and humanity.
9th-12th Grade - Physical Science

Physical Science is the foundation of all sciences. It is the study of the matter, focusing on its formation and interactions. Observation, data collection, data organization, data analysis, and drawing reasonable conclusions based on the evidence are expected. The ability to recognize patterns in the visible universe is a common theme for this grade-level. General topics will include the nature of science and matter, chemical and physical properties of matter, the physical laws of the universe, and energy.

Our tutoring equips 9-12th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and determine the sequence of steps needed to solve problems.
  • The ability to understand and appreciate science processes and discoveries.
  • An understanding of what is science and what is not science.
  • An understanding of the tools and methods of science.
  • An understanding of systems of measurement and their use.
  • An understanding of the scientific theories of atomic structure.
  • An understanding of how matter interacts to produce new materials.
  • An understanding of how energy transfers into and out of a system.
  • An understanding of how energy does work.
  • An understanding of an object’s motion in terms of its position, velocity, and acceleration as functions of time.
  • An understanding of gravitational forces and their relationship to mass.
  • The ability to use mathematical calculations to reveal various properties of matter.
  • The ability to determine unknown substances based on their physical and chemical properties.
  • An understanding of current, voltage, resistance, and power.
  • The ability to design and conduct physical science demonstrations and experiments.
  • An understanding of sound waves and their use in medicine and biological organisms.
  • An understanding of acids and bases and how to detect acidity and alkalinity.
10th Grade - Chemistry

Chemistry provides students with an extensive study of the nature of matter. Students’ physical science knowledge provides a foundation to help comprehend concepts in chemistry. Analytical skills are necessary to help students understand the composition of and interactions within and between matter. General topics will include the nature of science and matter, chemical and physical properties of matter, kinetic and molecular theory, and chemical reactions.

Our tutoring equips 10th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and determine the sequence of steps needed to solve problems.
  • The ability to understand and appreciate science processes and discoveries.
  • An understanding of the tools and methods of science.
  • An understanding of what is science and what is not science.
  • An understanding of systems of measurement and their use.
  • An understanding of early atomic theory.
  • An understanding of atomic models.
  • The ability to calculate unit equivalencies.
  • An understanding of the behavior of gases.
  • An understanding of mass to mole relationships.
  • The ability to distinguish between endothermic and exothermic chemical processes.
  • An understanding of how matter interacts to produce new materials.
  • An understanding of how energy transfers into and out of a system.
  • The ability to use mathematical calculations to reveal various properties of matter.
  • The ability to determine unknown substances based on their physical and chemical properties.
  • An understanding of acids and bases and how to detect acidity and alkalinity.
12th Grade - Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology is a course that focuses on the structure and function of the human body. Materials taught can be expanded to the anatomy and physiology of other vertebrates. This course is imperative for students desiring to go into fields such as medicine or physical rehabilitation. Anatomy and Physiology focuses on important concepts in comparative anatomy and physiology, including the muscular, skeletal, digestive, circulatory, integumentary, respiratory, and nervous systems of the body.

Our tutoring equips 12th grade students with:

  • The ability to think critically and determine the sequence of steps needed to solve problems.
  • The ability to understand and appreciate science processes and discoveries.
  • An understanding of the tools and methods of science.
  • An understanding of systems of measurement and their use.
  • The ability to use anatomical language to describe various sections of the body.
  • An understanding of various types of tissue and their function and role within the body.
  • The ability to describe how muscles attach to bone and their degrees of freedom.
  • An understanding of how macromolecules support tissues.
  • An understanding of the function of the skeleton, bone development, and maintenance.
  • An understanding of how nervous tissue sends and receives messages.
  • A more in depth understanding of blood and how materials circulate throughout the system.
  • An understanding of common medical conditions affecting the major systems of the body.
  • An understanding of the influence of physical forces that affect physical and chemical systems.
  • An understanding of how food passes through the digestive system and provides cells nutrients.
  • An understanding of how organ systems operate together to maintain homeostasis.
  • An understanding of the endocrine and exocrine glands and their impact on the body.
High School Physics

Physics is often considered one of the more challenging sciences that students face. It requires analytical thinking and in-depth problem solving skills that are new to many students. Students are also expected to have an adequate understanding of algebra, some geometry, and some trigonometry in order to excel at the highest level in physics. The general standards for high school physics are as follows:

  1. Matter and its Interactions
  2. Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
  3. Energy
  4. Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer

Within these standards, there are several key concepts and ideas that will be the focus of our tutoring:

  1. Matter and its Interactions
    1. Develop a model to illustrate the energy released or absorbed during the process of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay (alpha, beta, gamma)
  2. Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
    1. Analyze data to support Newton’s Second Law (F = ma)
    2. Use mathematical representations to show that total momentum of a system is conserved when there is no net force on the system
    3. Apply scientific principles of motion and momentum to evaluate minimizing forces on an object during a collision
    4. Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to both qualitatively and quantitatively describe and predict the effects of gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects (respectively)
    5. Provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current (Lenz’s Law)
    6. Evaluate simple series and parallel circuits to predict changes to voltage, current, or resistance when changes are made to a circuit (Ohm’s Law and circuit rules)
    7. Use free-body diagrams, algebraic expressions, and Newton’s Laws of motion to predict changes to velocity and acceleration for an object moving in one dimension
  3. Energy
    1. Use algebraic expressions and the principle of energy conservation to calculate the change in energy and total energy of a system
    2. Identify any transformations from one form of energy to another (thermal, kinetic, gravitational potential, magnetic, electrical)
    3. Provide evidence that when two objects of different temperatures are in thermal contact in a closed system, the transfer of thermal energy results in thermal equilibrium and that the temperature changes depend on the specific heat values of the substances
    4. Develop and use a model of magnetic or electric fields to illustrate the forces and changes in energy between two charged objects changing relative position in a magnetic or electric field (respectively)
  4. Waves and their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
    1. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling within various media
    2. Recognize that electromagnetic waves can travel without a medium while mechanical waves require a medium to travel
    3. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described by either a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations involving resonance, interference, diffraction, refraction, or the photoelectric effect, one model is more useful than the other
    4. Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy

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